3-Chlorophenylguanidine

3-Aminosilylalkoxysilane has a wide range of uses and plays a key role in many fields.
First, in the field of adhesives, this substance is a key additive. Due to its special chemical structure, it can significantly enhance the bonding force between the adhesive and the surface of the adhesive. When the adhesive comes into contact with materials containing active groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, 3-aminosiloxy silane can chemically react with these active groups by virtue of its own amino group, and its siloxy group can be hydrolyzed to form silanol, which then condenses with the hydroxyl group on the surface of the adhesive, and builds a stable chemical bond between the adhesive and the adhesive, which greatly improves the bonding strength and durability, making the bonding effect more firm and lasting.
Second, in the coating industry, it is also an indispensable additive. On the one hand, it can enhance the adhesion of the coating to the substrate, allowing the coating to adhere more tightly to the surface of various substrates such as metals, glass, ceramics, etc., to prevent the coating from peeling off. On the other hand, it can improve the water resistance and chemical corrosion resistance of coatings. The siloxane network structure formed after hydrolysis and condensation can fill the internal voids of coatings, enhance the compactness of coatings, block moisture and chemical erosion, prolong the service life of coatings, and improve protective properties.
Third, in the field of composites, 3-aminosilylalkoxysilane acts as a coupling agent. During the preparation of composites, it can build a "bridge" between inorganic fillers (such as glass fibers, talc, etc.) and organic matrices (such as resins). The siloxy group reacts with the hydroxyl group on the surface of the inorganic filler, and the amino group reacts with the organic matrix chemically or physically entangled, thereby enhancing the interface bonding force between the inorganic filler and the organic matrix, and improving the mechanical properties of the composite material, such as tensile strength, bending strength and impact toughness, etc., so that the composite material has better comprehensive properties.
Fourth, in the textile printing and dyeing industry, this substance can be used for fabric finishing. It can give fabrics many excellent properties, such as wrinkle resistance. By cross-linking with fabric fiber molecules, the internal structure of the fiber is changed, the elastic recovery ability of the fiber is improved, and the fabric is not prone to wrinkles. At the same time, it can also enhance the wear resistance and antibacterial properties of the fabric, improve the wearing performance of the fabric, and prolong the service life.

3-Aminopropionitrile is an organic compound with multiple chemical properties and is used in many fields. Its chemical properties are briefly described as follows:
1. ** Basic **: The amino group has a solitary pair of electrons, can accept protons, and is alkaline. In aqueous solutions, it can react with acids to form corresponding salts. If it reacts with hydrochloric acid, 3-aminopropionitrile hydrochloride will be formed. This is due to the combination of amino nitrogen atoms and hydrogen ions in hydrochloric acid.
2. ** Nucleophilicity **: Amino groups, as nucleophiles, can participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions. Under appropriate conditions, it can attack electrophilic reagents such as halogenated hydrocarbons, and halogen atoms are replaced by amino groups to form new compounds. For example, when reacting with bromoethane, the amino group will replace the bromine atom to form N-ethyl-3-aminopropionitrile.
3. ** Nitrile reactivity **: The nitrile group (-CN) can undergo a variety of reactions. When the nitrile group is hydrolyzed, it can be gradually converted into an amide under acidic or basic conditions, and then carboxylic acids are formed. For example, when hydrolyzed under acidic conditions, 3-aminopropionitrile is first converted to 3-aminopropionamide, and further hydrolyzed to produce 3-aminopropionate. Nitrile groups can also react with Grignard reagents to grow carbon chains and form compounds containing nitrogen and with new carbon frameworks.
4. Polymerization reaction: Due to the presence of both amino and nitrile groups in the molecule, 3-aminopropionitrile can participate in the polymerization reaction under specific conditions. Amino reacts with nitrile groups or with other monomers containing active groups to form polymers, which can be used to prepare polymer materials with special properties.

3-Chlorobenzyl bromide is an organic halide with the following physical properties:
It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that exists stably at room temperature and pressure. Viewed, it presents a clear and transparent state, but it may be left for a long time or exposed to light, heat, or slightly darker in color.
Smell, there is a pungent smell, this smell is strong and irritating, and it can cause respiratory discomfort when it reaches a certain concentration in the air, so it needs to be well ventilated during operation.
When it comes to boiling point, about 238-243 ° C, this boiling point is relatively high, due to the presence of van der Waals forces between molecules and the influence of halogen atoms. At standard atmospheric pressure, a corresponding high temperature is required to boil and vaporize. The melting point of
is about -16 ° C, and it is a liquid at room temperature. This melting point makes its fluidity good in general ambient temperature. The density of
is about 1.612 g/mL (25 ° C), which is higher than that of water. If mixed with water, it will sink underwater, and the two are clearly layered.
In terms of solubility, it is slightly soluble in water, because water is a polar molecule, and although 3-chlorobenzyl bromide contains a polar halogen atom, the molecule as a whole is not strongly polar and interacts weakly with water. However, it is soluble in most organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, chloroform, etc. According to the principle of "similar miscibility", organic solvents are mostly non-polar or weakly polar, and can be well miscible with the interaction between 3-chlorobenzyl bromide molecules.
In addition, 3-chlorobenzyl bromide is volatile to a certain extent and will evaporate slowly in the air. Its vapor is heavier than air and can spread to a considerable distance at a lower place.

When preparing 3-chloropropyl ether, many matters need to be paid attention to.
Quality of the first raw material. The raw material used must be pure and meet the corresponding standards. If the raw material contains impurities or causes the reaction to be disturbed, the purity of the product is not good. For halogenated hydrocarbon raw materials, the halogen atom activity must be appropriate, otherwise it will affect the reaction rate and yield. The choice of etherification agent is also critical. It should be selected according to the reaction conditions and product requirements, and its purity and stability are all related to the reaction effect.
Control of the reaction conditions is of paramount importance. Temperature has a great influence on the reaction. If the temperature is too low, the reaction is slow, and the yield is not high; if the temperature is too high, or the side reactions occur, the purity of the product will be reduced. Taking the preparation of 3-chloropropyl ether as an example, under a specific reaction system, the temperature should be controlled in a certain precise range to make the reaction proceed smoothly and efficiently. The reaction time also needs to be accurately controlled. If it is too short, the reaction will not be completed, and if it is too long or the side reactions will be exacerbated.
Furthermore, the choice and installation of the reaction device should not be underestimated. The device must be well sealed to prevent the escape of the reactants and products, and to avoid the mixing of external impurities. The performance of the stirring device is related to the degree of uniformity of the mixing of the reactants. If the mixing is uneven, the concentration of the local reactants will be too high or too low, which will affect the reaction effect.
< b The preparation process of 3-chloropropyl ether or involves toxic, harmful, flammable and explosive chemicals, the operator should wear protective clothing, protective gloves and goggles, etc. The experimental site should be well ventilated, and firefighting and first aid equipment should be prepared to deal with emergencies.
After the separation and purification of the product. After the reaction, the product often contains impurities, and it needs to be separated and purified by suitable methods, such as distillation, extraction, recrystallization, etc., to obtain high purity 3-chloropropyl ether. During operation, the appropriate method should be selected according to the physical and chemical properties of the product and impurities to ensure the quality of the product.

3-Bromobenzyl bromide is an important intermediate in organic synthesis. The common preparation methods are as follows:
First, toluene is used as the starting material and prepared by bromination reaction. First, toluene is subjected to a free radical substitution reaction with bromine in the presence of light or an initiator, and a bromine atom is introduced at the benzyl position to generate benzyl bromide. During the reaction, the reaction temperature, bromine dosage and reaction time must be strictly controlled. Due to differences in reaction conditions, the product may contain different proportions of polybrominates. Then, the generated benzyl bromide is further reacted with bromine, and bromine atoms are introduced at the benzyl position again to obtain 3-bromobenzyl bromide. The advantage of this method is that the raw material toluene is widely sourced and relatively inexpensive; however, there are many reaction steps, and the formation of polybrominates will make it more difficult to separate and purify the product. The reaction process is as follows: toluene reacts with bromine under light to generate benzyl bromide, and then benzyl bromide reacts with bromine under specific conditions to obtain 3-bromobenzyl bromide.
Second, p-bromotoluene is prepared as a raw material. Under specific reaction conditions, p-bromotoluene undergoes a substitution reaction with brominating reagents (such as N-bromosuccinimide, or NBS). NBS is a more commonly used brominating reagent and can selectively introduce bromine atoms at the benzyl position. This reaction is generally carried out under the action of an initiator (such as benzoyl peroxide, etc.), and the reaction conditions are relatively mild, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of polybrominated side reactions. Compared with the method of using toluene as the raw material, using p-bromotoluene as the raw material can reduce the reaction steps, the product selectivity is relatively high, and the subsequent separation and purification process is simpler. During the reaction process, the hydrogen atom of the benzyl position of p-bromotoluene is replaced by the bromine atom under the action of the initiator and NBS to generate 3-bromobenzyl bromide.