What is the chemical structure of Cyanoguanidine?
In the case of cyanoguanidine, its chemical structure can also be studied. Looking at the structure of cyanoguanidine, there is a guanidine group in it, which is connected by three nitrogen atoms and one carbon atom, like a triangle, and this carbon atom is connected to a cyanogroup. In the case of cyanoguanidine, one carbon and one nitrogen are linked by three bonds.
The guanidine group of cyanoguanidine, the nitrogen atom has a lone pair of electrons, making this structure highly reactive. The three bonds of cyanoguanidine also add a lot of color to its chemical properties, and its electron cloud is quite dense, which can play an important role in many chemical reactions.
The chemical structure of the two co-structures of cyanoguanidine makes it have extraordinary applications in organic synthesis, materials From the characteristics of its structure, it can be inferred that it can participate in various reactions such as nucleophilic substitution and addition, which will contribute to the research and progress of chemistry. This is the approximate chemical structure of cyanoguanidine.
What are the main uses of Cyanoguanidine?
Cyanoguanidine has a wide range of uses. In the field of industry, it is often used as a raw material for the preparation of various chemical products. For example, it is used to synthesize guanidine salts, which is an indispensable intermediate for many chemical reactions. It can participate in many organic synthesis reactions and pave the way for the preparation of organic compounds with special structures.
can also be used to make dyes. Through fine chemical methods, cyanoguanidine can be converted into dyes with bright color and excellent performance, adding color to fabrics, leather and other dyeing, making it colorful and durable.
In the field of medicine, it also has important functions. It can be used as a key starting material for the synthesis of some drugs. After multi-step reactions, drugs with specific pharmacological activities can be prepared, or used to develop new drugs, contributing to human health and well-being.
Furthermore, in terms of plastic additives, cyanoguanidine can improve the properties of plastics. Adding an appropriate amount of cyanoguanidine to plastics can enhance the heat resistance and wear resistance of plastics, make them more suitable for diverse environments, expand the application scenarios of plastics, and have applications in packaging, building materials and many other industries.
In the rubber industry, cyanoguanidine can be used as a vulcanization accelerator. In the rubber vulcanization process, it accelerates the vulcanization reaction rate and improves the physical and mechanical properties of rubber products, such as tensile strength and hardness, thereby improving the quality and service life of rubber products.
What are the physical properties of Cyanoguanidine?
In terms of solubility, cyanoguanidine is slightly soluble in water, and slightly easier to dissolve in hot water. Due to the increase in water temperature, the molecular thermal movement intensifies, which is conducive to the dissolution of its lattice and its dissolution. However, common organic solvents, such as ethanol and ether, are insoluble, because the intermolecular force of cyanoguanidine does not match the intermolecular force of organic solvents, making it difficult to miscible.
In terms of its melting point, the melting point of cyanoguanidine is quite high, about 209-212 ° C. The high melting point originates from its molecular structure, and there are many hydrogen bonds and strong intermolecular forces. To make the lattice disintegrate and the molecule break free, more energy is required, so the melting point is high.
Looking at its stability, under room temperature and pressure, cyanoguanidine is quite stable and can be left unchanged for a long time. When encountering strong acids and bases, the structure is easily damaged and chemical reactions occur. Because both cyanide and guanidine groups in the molecule have certain reactivity, it can cause bond breaking and rearrangement when encountering acids and bases.
And its density is about 1.40g/cm ³, which indicates that its texture is relatively tight and the molecular arrangement is relatively tight. And cyanoguanidine has a certain hygroscopicity, in a humid environment, it can absorb water vapor, causing its own properties to change, so when storing, it should be placed in a dry place.
What are the precautions for using Cyanoguanidine?
When using cyanoguanidine, all kinds of precautions should not be ignored. This agent has unique characteristics, which is related to the safety and effectiveness of the user, and must be treated with caution.
First, it is related to storage. Cyanoguanidine should be placed in a dry, cool and ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources. Cover because of its active chemical properties, in case of high temperature and humidity, it may cause changes in properties and even cause danger. If it is stored in an improper place, such as near the side of the fire, or in a place with high humidity, it is easy to damage the medicinal power, and there may be unexpected changes, which must be prevented.
Second, it is related to the dosage. When using cyanoguanidine, the dosage must be accurate. Do not increase or decrease at will, and follow the doctor's instructions or scientific methods according to the specific purpose and object. If the dose is too small, it will be difficult to achieve the expected effect; if the dose is too high, it may cause adverse reactions and endanger health. For example, treating patients and saving people, the medication is inaccurate, the disease cannot be cured in the mild case, and the serious case may be life-threatening.
Third, it is related to protection. When using cyanoguanidine, protective gear is indispensable. Wear protective gloves and goggles in front of suitable protective clothing. Because of it, it may be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. If there is no protection, after contact, the skin may be red, swollen, itchy, the eyes may feel tingling, blurred vision, inhaling its dust, and the respiratory tract is also damaged.
Fourth, it is related to mixed use. When mixing cyanoguanidine with other substances, it is necessary to be cautious. Different chemicals interact with each other in a complex and unpredictable manner. Or when mixed with certain substances, it will cause violent chemical reactions, causing explosions, burns and other disasters. Therefore, before mixing, it is necessary to know the chemical properties of the two in detail to ensure safety.
Fifth, it is related to emergency treatment. If you accidentally come into contact with cyanoguanidine during use, you should take the correct emergency treatment as soon as possible. If it comes into contact with the skin, rinse with plenty of water immediately; if it comes into contact with the eyes, rinse with water as soon as possible and seek medical treatment; if inhaled, leave the scene quickly and go to a place with fresh air. If necessary, perform artificial respiration and seek medical treatment.
Those who use cyanoguanidine should keep the above things in mind and operate with caution to ensure safety and effectiveness.
What are the preparation methods of Cyanoguanidine?
Cyanoguanidine, also known as dicyandiamide, can be prepared by various methods. On the one hand, lime nitrogen is used as the starting point, and the water phase is combined. After hydrolysis, calcium cyanamide is formed, and then calcium cyanamide is combined with carbon dioxide to obtain cyanoguanidine. The text is as follows: "Put lime nitrogen in the apparatus, and gradually fill water to hydrolyze it to obtain calcium cyanamide. The carbon dioxide is reacted in it, and after separation, washing, and drying, cyanoguanidine is formed. The raw material is easy to obtain, but the steps are cumbersome, and the purity of the product needs to be improved."
On the other hand, cyanoguanidine is prepared by condensation reaction with urea as the source at high temperature and in the environment of catalyst. The description says: "Take urea, put it in the reaction kettle, add an appropriate amount of catalyst, raise the temperature to a suitable degree, and urea is condensed into cyanoguanidine. After cooling, crystallization, filtration, and drying, the finished product is obtained. This way of operation is relatively simple, and the yield can be observed. However, the selection and recovery of the catalyst must be considered in detail."
On the other hand, cyanamide is used as the material, and in a specific solvent, catalyzed by an alkaline substance, the polymerization is made into cyanoguanidine. The article said: "Cyanamide is placed in a solvent, an alkaline catalyst is added, and conditions such as temperature control and speed are used to promote its polymerization. After separation and purification, cyanoguanidine is obtained. This method can precisely control the structure of the product, but cyanamide is highly toxic, and the treatment of solvents and catalysts also needs to be cautious." All preparation methods have advantages and disadvantages, and the actual use should be selected according to the requirements of raw materials, equipment, and products.