What are the main uses of 2-Aminoethanesulphonic Acid?
2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid, also known as taurine, is a sulfur-containing non-protein amino acid that is widely present in organisms, has a wide range of functions, and is crucial.
Taurine is mainly used to maintain the balance of osmotic pressure in animals during physiological activities. In human cells, taurine is the most abundant free amino acid, which plays a significant role in regulating the osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell. For example, in marine organisms, seawater osmotic pressure is quite high, and their cells maintain the balance of osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell by accumulating small molecules such as taurine, preventing cell dehydration.
Taurine is also essential for the development and normal operation of the nervous system. In fetal and infant stages, taurine has a profound impact on brain development. It can promote the proliferation and differentiation of nerve cells and enhance the signal transmission between nerve cells. Clinical studies have shown that if the intake of taurine in infants and young children is insufficient, it may cause mental retardation.
In terms of cardiovascular system, taurine can protect the heart. It can regulate the electrical activity of cardiomyocytes, enhance myocardial contractility, and has a certain antioxidant effect, reduce the damage of oxidative stress to the myocardium and prevent cardiovascular diseases.
Taurine also plays an important role in the visual system. The content of taurine in the retina is extremely high, which is indispensable for maintaining the normal structure and function of the retina. If taurine is deficient, it may cause retinal dysfunction and affect vision.
In addition, taurine also plays a role in regulating lipid metabolism. It can promote fat emulsification, reduce the content of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood, and prevent diseases such as fatty liver and atherosclerosis.
In summary, 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid has a wide range of uses in organisms, whether it is to maintain physiological balance or ensure the normal function of various systems, it plays an irreplaceable role.
What are the physical properties of 2-Aminoethanesulphonic Acid?
2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid, commonly known as taurine, has the following physical properties:
Taurine is a colorless or white oblique crystal, odorless, and slightly acidic. It is soluble in water and almost insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether or acetone. The melting point is quite high, about 305.11 ° C. At this temperature, taurine will decompose.
The molecular structure of taurine is relatively stable, which is due to the special arrangement of its amino group and sulfonic acid group. In terms of appearance properties, it is mostly in a fine crystalline shape, with uniform particle size and fine texture. Its solubility characteristics make taurine better dispersed and dissolved in aqueous systems to form a uniform solution, while it is difficult to disperse and dissolve in organic solvents. This characteristic is crucial in the process of separation and purification and preparation of preparations. Its high melting point indicates that taurine has strong intermolecular forces, requiring high energy to destroy the lattice structure and realize the transition from solid to liquid. These physical properties make taurine have unique applications in many fields, such as in the food industry as a nutrient enhancer. It can be easily added to various beverages and other products because it is easily soluble in water. In the field of medicine, it can be used to prepare a variety of dosage forms based on its stable structure and specific solubility.
2-Aminoethanesulphonic the chemical properties of Acid
2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid, also known as taurine, has unique chemical properties and is quite wonderful.
This substance is white crystalline or crystalline powder, odorless, slightly acidic, soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, ether or acetone. From its structure, it has both an amino group and a sulfonic acid group, which gives it unique chemical activity.
Taurine has a certain acidity, because the sulfonic acid group can release protons under appropriate conditions. In aqueous solution, ionization can occur, showing the characteristics of acidic substances, which can neutralize and react with bases to generate corresponding salts. For example, when reacted with sodium hydroxide, sodium taurine and water will be formed.
At the same time, the amino group makes taurine alkaline to a certain extent. Although the amino base is relatively weak, in a specific environment, protons can be accepted and exhibit alkaline properties. This allows taurine to exhibit different chemical behaviors under different acid and base conditions, and can be used as an acid-base buffer to maintain the relative stability of the pH of the system.
Taurine is chemically stable, and it is not easy to react with most substances at room temperature and pressure. However, under the conditions of high temperature, strong acid, strong base or specific catalyst, its structure will change. For example, under strong heat conditions, decomposition reactions may occur to produce sulfur-containing gases and other decomposition products.
Because of its special chemical properties, taurine is widely used in many fields. In the food industry, it is used as a nutritional enhancer because it is crucial to human physiological functions; in the field of medicine, it can be used for adjuvant treatment of various diseases due to its certain pharmacological activity; in the chemical industry, it is also used for the production and preparation of certain products due to its chemical properties.
What are the production methods of 2-Aminoethanesulphonic Acid?
2-Aminoethylsulfonic acid, that is, taurine, is commonly prepared in the following ways:
First, the method of using ethanolamine as the starting material. First, the ethanolamine is co-heated with concentrated sulfuric acid, and the esterification reaction is carried out to obtain the intermediate 2-aminoethyl sulfate. In this process, it is necessary to strictly check the temperature and reaction time. If the temperature is too high or the time is too long, it may cause side reactions, affecting the yield and purity. Later, the intermediate is reacted with sodium sulfite and sulfonated to obtain taurine. This way, the raw materials are easy to purchase, the reaction conditions are relatively mild, but the steps are slightly complicated. And the use of sulfuric acid requires attention to safety protection and environmental protection.
Second, the method of using ethylene oxide as raw material. Ethylene oxide is first added with sodium bisulfite to generate sodium 2-hydroxy ethanesulfonate, and then reacted with ammonia to produce taurine by amination. This method has simple reaction steps and high atomic utilization. However, ethylene oxide is flammable and explosive, and has strict requirements on reaction equipment and operation. The production process needs to pay special attention to safety.
Third, microbial fermentation method. Screen specific microorganisms, such as certain bacteria or fungi, and use their metabolic mechanism to synthesize taurine. This is the way of biosynthesis, which is green and environmentally friendly, and the reaction conditions are mild. There is no need for dangerous chemicals such as strong acids and alkalis. However, microbial culture conditions are complex, strain selection and optimization require a lot of research work, and the fermentation process is difficult to control, and the product separation and purification are also challenging.
Fourth, the method of combining chemical synthesis and biotransformation. First, some intermediates are prepared by chemical synthesis, and then the subsequent conversion is completed with the help of biological enzymes. This method of combining high efficiency in chemical synthesis and specificity in biotransformation is expected to increase yield, reduce costs, and reduce pollution, making it a promising preparation path.
2-Aminoethanesulphonic the market price of Acid
2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid, commonly known as taurine, is often priced in the market, depending on the purity of the product, the situation of supply and demand, the method of production, and the place of sale.
If it is high-purity and pharmaceutical-grade, its price is often high. Used in pharmaceutical products, it is extremely demanding for pure requirements, and all impurities must be removed. The production process is complex and strict, so the value is high. The price per kilogram may reach hundreds of gold, or even more than a thousand gold.
Industrial users have a slightly wider demand for purity, and the price will also drop. However, the industrial demand is wide, if the quantity is large and the supply is sufficient, the price may fall. Common, the price per kilogram may be between tens of gold and hundreds of gold.
In addition, the price change of raw materials, the new revolution of technology, and the regulation of politics can all make the price of the market move. If the price of raw materials increases due to the shortage of raw materials, the cost of taurine will increase, and its price will also increase; if the new technology is developed, the production efficiency will be high, and the cost will decrease, the price may fall.
And the price of different domains is also different. In places with convenient transportation and stable supply and demand, the price may be stable; in remote areas or where supply and demand change dramatically, the price may fluctuate greatly. Therefore, if you want to know the exact price, you must observe the details of the city in time to obtain the truth.