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What are the chemical properties of 2 - Chloroethyl - P - Toluenesulfonate
2 + -Chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate is one of the organic compounds. It is active and has many specific chemical properties.
Looking at its structure, it contains chloroethyl and p-toluenesulfonate groups. The chlorine atom in chloroethyl is active and has a tendency to nucleophilic substitution. Due to the strong electronegativity of the chlorine atom, the carbon-chlorine bond electron cloud is biased towards chlorine, causing the carbon atom to be partially positively charged, which is easy to be attacked by nucleophilic reagents and undergoes substitution reactions. For example, when reacting with alcohols, the oxygen atom of the alcohol acts as a nucleophilic reagent to attack the carbon atom of the chloroethyl group, and the
The p-toluenesulfonate group is also not idle. This group is a good leaving group, which easily leaves with a pair of electrons in the reaction, making the carbon atom connected to it become the active center of the reaction. When encountering nucleophiles, the p-toluenesulfonate group leaves, and the nucleophile reagent replaces it. This property makes 2-chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate often used in organic synthesis as an intermediate for the introduction of specific functional groups.
Its chemical properties are affected by intramolecular electronic effects and spatial effects. The benzene ring in the p-toluenesulfonate group is conjugated with the sulfonyl group, and the electron delocalization increases the stability of the sulfonate group and also affects the electron cloud distribution of the atoms connected to it. In space, the relative position and size of the chloroethyl group and the p-toluenesulfonate group affect the difficulty of the reaction reagent approaching the active center, and then the reaction rate and selectivity.
Under appropriate conditions, 2-chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate can undergo hydrolysis reaction. Water molecules act as nucleophiles to attack the carbon atom of the chloroethyl group. Chlorine is replaced by hydroxyl groups to form compounds containing hydroxyl groups, and p-toluenesulfonate ions leave. In addition, it can react with amines to form nitrogen-containing organic compounds, which are of great significance in the fields of drug synthesis and material preparation.
2 - Chloroethyl - P - Toluenesulfonate is mainly used in what fields
2 + -Chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate has a wide range of uses in the field of organic synthesis. It is often a key intermediary in the context of medicinal chemistry. The process of pharmaceuticals involves the creation of complex molecular structures. This compound can be used as a bridge to introduce specific groups and help build molecules with specific physiological activities. For example, the preparation of some antiviral and anti-tumor drugs depends on it as a key step.
In the field of materials science, it also has its uses. In the preparation of special functional polymer materials, 2 + -chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate can participate in the polymerization reaction and endow the material with unique properties, such as adjusting the hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of the material, so that the material is more suitable for special scenarios, such as the development of medical polymer materials and high-performance coatings.
And in the field of fine chemistry, it is used to synthesize a variety of fine chemicals, such as fragrances, additives, etc. In the synthesis of fragrances, it can add unique structures to perfume molecules through specific reaction paths, thereby changing the aroma characteristics; in the preparation of additives, it can optimize the chemical properties of additives and improve their efficacy in various products, such as the production of lubricating oil additives, plastic additives, etc. Overall, 2 + -chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate is an important chemical raw material in many fields, promoting the development and innovation of technologies in various fields.
What are the synthesis methods of 2 - Chloroethyl - P - Toluenesulfonate
There are various ways to make 2-chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate. First, it can be obtained by reacting p-toluenesulfonyl chloride with 2-chloroethanol under the action of alkali. In this process, p-toluenesulfonyl chloride has an active sulfonyl group, and 2-chloroethanol contains hydroxyl groups, and the base can promote the nucleophilic substitution reaction between the two. Bases such as pyridine and triethylamine can neutralize the hydrogen chloride generated by the reaction and promote the reaction forward.
Second, p-toluenesulfonyl acid and 2-chloroethanol are used as raw materials and react in the presence of a dehydrating agent. Commonly used dehydrating agents such as dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC) can promote the dehydration and condensation of the carboxyl group of p-toluenesulfonic acid and the hydroxyl group of 2-chloroethanol to form the target product 2-chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate.
Or first convert p-toluenesulfonic acid to sodium p-toluenesulfonate, and then carry out nucleophilic substitution reaction with 2-chloroethyl halide (such as 2-chloroethyl chloride). In this reaction, the sulfonate anion of sodium p-toluenesulfonate acts as a nucleophilic reagent to attack the carbon atom attached to the halogen atom of 2-chloroethyl halide, and the halogen ion leaves to obtain 2-chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate. The above methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. According to the actual situation, such as the availability of raw materials, the ease of control of reaction conditions, and the purity requirements of the product, the appropriate method should be selected for synthesis.
2 - Chloroethyl - P - Toluenesulfonate in storage
2 + -Chloroethyl p-toluenesulfonate, when storing, there are several things to pay attention to.
First, this is a chemical substance, chemically active, and should be avoided from mixing with other substances. Because of its activity, if it comes into contact with unsuitable substances, it may cause a chemical reaction, or it may be dangerous, such as fire or explosion. Therefore, when storing, it is necessary to carefully review its chemical properties, and do not coexist in the same room with other substances.
Second, the control of temperature and humidity is crucial. Excessive temperature may cause the substance to decompose, deteriorate, and damage its quality. Excessive humidity may also cause reactions such as hydrolysis, causing its chemical structure to change. Therefore, it should be stored in a cool and dry place, the temperature should be constant, and it should not fluctuate greatly.
Third, the packaging must be in good condition. This substance may be corrosive. If the packaging is damaged, it will seep out or corrode the surrounding objects, and it is easy to leak, endangering the environment and personal safety. Therefore, the packaging should be checked regularly, and if there is any damage, it should be replaced immediately.
Fourth, the storage place should be well ventilated. This substance may evaporate harmful gases. If the ventilation is poor, the gas will accumulate, which will be harmful to human health and may increase the risk of fire and explosion. Therefore, the storage place should have good ventilation equipment to ensure air circulation.
Fifth, the marking must be clear. On the storage container, its name, nature, hazard and other information should be clearly marked. In this way, when taking or disposing of it, everyone can identify its characteristics and operate according to safety procedures to avoid accidents.
What is the market price range for 2 - Chloroethyl - P - Toluenesulfonate?
Wen Jun inquired about the market price range of "2-chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate", which is an important issue in the field of fine chemicals. However, the price range is difficult to determine, due to the intersection of many factors.
First discuss the raw material factors. The preparation of "2-chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate" requires a variety of raw materials, such as p-toluenesulfonate, chloroethanol, etc. The price fluctuation of raw materials has a huge impact on the price of finished products. If the supply of p-toluenesulfonic acid is tightened due to production cuts by manufacturers, or the cost of chloroethanol is increased due to rising crude oil prices, the cost of "2-chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonic acid" will increase, which in turn will increase the market price.
Let's talk about the production process again. Advanced production processes can improve product purity and production efficiency, and reduce costs. If a factory develops an efficient and low-cost process, it will have a price advantage in market competition. Those who are laggards in the process have high costs, and their product prices will also be higher.
The relationship between market supply and demand is also key. If downstream industries, such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides and other industries, have a large increase in demand for "2-chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate", and the supply is relatively insufficient, the price will rise. On the contrary, if the market demand is weak and the supply is excessive, the price will inevitably decline.
In addition, regional differences also have an impact. Different regions have different transportation costs and tax policies, which will make product prices different. In places with convenient transportation and tax incentives, product prices may be relatively low.
In summary, the market price range of "2-chloroethyl-p-toluenesulfonate" is difficult to generalize, and roughly fluctuates from tens to hundreds of yuan per kilogram. The specific price needs to be determined according to the current raw material price, production process, supply and demand situation, and regional factors.