What are the main uses of 3-Mercapto-1-Propanesulfonic Acid and Sodium Salt?
3-Mercapto-1-propanesulfonate sodium, this substance has a wide range of uses. In the industrial field, it is often used as an electroplating additive. When electroplating, it can improve the quality and performance of the coating. For example, in the nickel plating process, it can promote the uniform deposition of nickel ions, make the coating denser and flatter, improve its corrosion resistance and brightness, make the appearance of the plated part more exquisite, and prolong its service life.
It also has important uses in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. As an intermediate in organic synthesis, it can participate in many drug synthesis reactions. With its special chemical structure, it can introduce functional groups such as sulfhydryl groups and sulfonic acid groups, which have a significant impact on the activity, solubility and stability of drug molecules. Through rational application, new drugs with more curative effects and easier absorption can be developed.
In addition, in the field of materials science, it also has applications. It can be used to prepare functional materials, such as self-assembled monolayers. By interacting with the surface of the substrate material, an orderly molecular arrangement can be formed, giving the material special physical and chemical properties, such as regulating the wettability and conductivity of the material surface, providing an effective way for the development of new materials.
What are the physical properties of 3-Mercapto-1-Propanesulfonic Acid and Sodium Salt?
3-Mercapto-1-propanesulfonate sodium, this substance is a white crystalline powder that is easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohols, and poorly soluble in ethers. Its melting point is quite high, about 300 ° C, which makes it stable in high temperature environments.
From the perspective of chemical properties, the molecule of this substance contains both sulfhydryl groups and sulfonic acid groups. The sulfhydryl group has strong reductivity, is easy to be oxidized, and can complexate with a variety of metal ions, which can be used for the separation and detection of metal ions. The sulfonic acid group gives it good water solubility and ionic properties, and is easy to ionize in solution. It can be used as an anionic surfactant to play the equivalent functions of emulsification and dispersion.
Its aqueous solution is neutral or slightly acidic, and its properties are relatively stable, but when it encounters strong acids, strong bases or strong oxidants, the structure will be damaged, resulting in performance changes. Due to its unique properties, sodium 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate is widely used in the field of electroplating, which can improve the quality of the coating, enhance its brightness and compactness; it is also an important intermediate in pharmaceutical synthesis, helping to build drug molecules with specific structures; in biochemical research, it can also be used for the modification and detection of biological macromolecules such as proteins.
What is the synthesis method of 3-Mercapto-1-Propanesulfonic Acid, Sodium Salt?
To make sodium 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate, you can follow the following ancient method.
Take sodium propanesulfonate as the starting material, which is the basis of the reaction. In a suitable reactor, add an appropriate amount of sodium propanesulfonate, and use alcohol as a solvent, such as ethanol, because it can fully disperse the reactants and facilitate the reaction. And it is necessary to keep the reaction system clean and do not disturb impurities.
Then, add sodium hydrosulfide slowly. This process requires strict control of the addition rate. If it is too fast, the reaction is easy to get out of control. After adding, heat up to a suitable temperature, about 50-70 degrees Celsius. This temperature range can make the reaction neither too slow nor too rapid. During the period of stirring, the reactants are in uniform contact and the reaction process is accelerated.
When reacting, pay close attention to the changes of the system, and you can use instruments to monitor and observe the degree of reaction. When the reaction is asymptotically completed, the system is cooled to room temperature by cooling. At this time, the product is mixed in the solution.
Separation and purification are performed. First, insoluble impurities are removed by filtration. Then, by distillation, the solvent is initially separated from the product. Then a suitable organic solvent is extracted to further purify the product. After multiple extractions, the organic phases are combined, and the organic solvent is removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a relatively pure 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate crude product.
Finally, the product is refined by recrystallization. Select an appropriate solvent, such as a mixed solvent of acetone and water, heat to dissolve the crude product, filter it hot, the filtrate is cooled to crystallize, suction filtration, and drying to obtain pure 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate sodium.
3-Mercapto-1-Propanesulfonic Acid, Sodium Salt What to pay attention to when storing
When storing sodium 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate, you need to pay attention to many matters. This is a fine chemical, which is delicate and changeable in nature. The method of preservation is related to its quality.
The first thing to do is to avoid moisture, because it is hydrophilic, the moisture is easily soluble and the purity is reduced. Therefore, it needs to be stored in a dry place, or a desiccant is placed on the side to keep its environment dry like autumn.
The second best temperature is low temperature, high temperature can promote its chemical reaction and cause deterioration. It should be stored in a cool place, as if it were placed in a secluded cellar, and the temperature should not exceed 25 degrees Celsius.
Furthermore, to prevent oxidation. The thiol group is active and easy to oxidize. Therefore, it should be sealed and stored, such as sealed in a closed box, to keep oxygen out. After taking it, seal it tightly and do not let oxygen in.
Also keep away from fire sources and strong oxidizing agents. This product is flammable. In case of strong oxidizing agents, such as dry wood in case of fire, it is easy to react violently, so it must be divided and stored, separated from two parties.
And it should be stored in categories, not mixed with acids and bases and other substances. Acids and bases can neutralize or react differently with them, which will damage their essence. When divided into classes, put them in their own places.
Store 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate sodium, and beware of moisture, temperature, oxygen, fire, agents and mixed storage to ensure its quality and effectiveness.
What are the safety precautions for 3-Mercapto-1-Propanesulfonic Acid and Sodium Salt?
3-Mercapto-1-propanesulfonate sodium, this substance is related to safety, and all matters need to be paid attention to in detail.
It is toxic to a certain extent. Although it is not highly toxic, inadvertent contact can also be harmful to health. If it comes into contact with the skin, rinse with a large amount of water as soon as possible, and pay attention to the moderate water flow when rinsing. Do not cause damage to the skin too violently. The rinsing time should be more than 15 minutes to ensure that harmful substances are removed. If it splashes into the eyes, it is necessary to immediately open the eyelids and rinse with flowing water or normal saline. During the rinsing process, the eyeballs should keep turning to wash fully, and then seek medical treatment as soon as possible without any delay.
Furthermore, this substance is flammable. In the place of storage and use, fireworks must be strictly prohibited, and it should be kept away from fire and heat sources. When storing, it should be placed in a cool and ventilated warehouse. The storage temperature should not be too high, and it should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, etc., and must not be mixed with storage to prevent dangerous chemical reactions.
During operation, protective measures are indispensable. Operators need to wear appropriate protective clothing, gloves, and goggles or masks to protect themselves in all aspects. In the event of a leak, do not panic. Quickly evacuate personnel from the leaked contaminated area to a safe area, isolate them, and strictly restrict access. Emergency personnel need to wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus, wear anti-acid and alkali work clothes, and do not directly contact leaks. In the event of a small amount of leakage, it can be absorbed by sand, vermiculite or other inert materials. In the event of a large amount of leakage, build a dike or dig a pit to contain it, cover it with foam to reduce steam disasters, and then transfer it to a tanker or special collector for recycling or transportation to a waste treatment site for disposal.
In short, when using 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate sodium, safety is no small matter. Every step of the operation must be followed. Do not be negligent to ensure safety.