What are the main uses of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid?
Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is one of the most important surfactants. Its main use is quite extensive, and it is indispensable in daily use, industry and many other fields.
Daily use is mostly found in detergents. With its excellent decontamination performance, it can quickly disperse and emulsify oil in water, and then achieve the effect of cleaning. It is often used as the main active ingredient in many washing powders, detergents and other products. Cover because it can significantly reduce the surface tension of water, making it easier for water to soak the surface of the object, making it easier for dirt to be washed away by water.
In industry, it is also very useful. In the textile printing and dyeing industry, it can be used as a penetrant to help the dye evenly penetrate into the fabric fibers, making the dyeing more uniform and the color more vivid. In the paper industry, it can be used as a deinking agent to effectively remove impurities such as ink from waste paper and realize the recycling of paper. In the field of oil extraction, it can be used as an oil displacement agent to improve the recovery rate of crude oil by reducing the interfacial tension of oil and water.
Looking at its effectiveness, it has strong decontamination power, rich and stable foam, and can adapt to a wide range of water quality and temperature. However, it should also be noted that if used improperly or in excess, its chemical composition may cause certain effects on the environment, such as eutrophication of water bodies. Therefore, when using, follow a reasonable dosage to achieve a balance between efficacy and environmental protection.
What are the physical properties of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid?
Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is a commonly used anionic surfactant. Its physical properties are as follows:
Under normal temperature and pressure, it is mostly white or light yellow powder or granular, light in weight and easy to disperse. This state is easy to store and transport, and is also conducive to subsequent processing.
When it comes to solubility, it has good solubility in water and can quickly dissolve to form a uniform solution. This property allows sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to give full play to its effect in many aqueous systems. For example, common detergents, detergents and other products can be quickly dissolved in water by stirring to achieve effective removal of dirt.
As for the melting point, it is about 157-160 ° C. The characteristics of the melting point determine its physical state transformation under specific temperature conditions. This temperature limit is crucial for temperature control in production, processing and application scenarios. If the temperature exceeds its melting point, the material form changes, or its original properties are affected.
Its density is about 1.01 g/cm ³. Density, as one of the basic properties of a substance, affects its distribution and behavior in different media. In practical applications, such as formula design, it is necessary to consider the suitability of its density to other ingredients to ensure the stability and uniformity of the product.
In addition, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate has good surface activity, which can significantly reduce the surface tension of water, making it easier to spread and penetrate. This property allows it to quickly penetrate between dirt and the surface of the object during the washing process, weakening the adhesion between dirt and the object, and thus achieving efficient decontamination, which is the key to its wide application in the cleaning field.
What are the precautions for dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid in the production process?
Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is a commonly used anionic surfactant. In the production process, there are many things to pay attention to. The details are as follows:
First, the selection of raw materials must be cautious. To prepare sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, high-quality sulfonating agents such as dodecyl benzene and fuming sulfuric acid or sulfur trioxide are required. The purity and quality of dodecyl benzene are directly related to product quality. If it contains too many impurities, it will not only reduce the reaction efficiency, but also may cause poor color and odor of the product, which will affect the application performance of the product. The concentration and activity of the sulfonating agent are also crucial. Improper concentration or insufficient activity will make the sulfonation reaction incomplete and produce many side reactions.
Second, the reaction conditions need to be precisely controlled. The sulfonation reaction is an exothermic reaction, and temperature control is extremely critical. If the temperature is too high, the reaction rate will increase, but it is easy to cause side reactions, forming impurities such as polysulfonates and sulfones, which will affect the purity and performance of the product; if the temperature is too low, the reaction will be slow or even incomplete. Generally speaking, when fuming sulfuric acid is used, the reaction temperature should be controlled at 30-40 ° C; if sulfur trioxide is used, due to the violent reaction, more accurate temperature control is required, usually at 20-30 ° C. At the same time, the reaction time cannot be ignored. If it is too short, the reaction will not be sufficient, and if it is too long, it may lead to a decline in product quality.
Third, the requirements for reaction equipment are quite high. Due to the strong corrosiveness of the sulfonation reaction, the material of the equipment needs to be acid-resistant, common materials such as stainless steel and glass-lined. The mixing device of the equipment also needs to be good to ensure that the reactants are fully mixed, so that the reaction is carried out evenly, and local overheating or uneven reaction is avoided.
Fourth, the post-processing steps should not be underestimated. After the reaction is completed, the product often contains unreacted raw materials, by-products and acidic substances, and post-processing operations such as neutralization, separation and purification need to be carried out. During neutralization, the amount of lye needs to be precisely controlled to ensure that the pH value of the product meets the requirements. The separation process should effectively remove impurities, and the purification operation can improve the purity of the product. Common purification methods include extraction and crystallization.
Fifth, safety production and environmental protection must be paid attention to. The sulfonating agents used in the production process are highly corrosive and irritating. Operators must strictly abide by the operating procedures and be equipped with necessary protective equipment to prevent safety accidents. At the same time, the waste gas and wastewater generated by the reaction must be properly treated and discharged to meet standards to avoid pollution to the environment.
What are the effects of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid on the environment?
The impact of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate on the environment is worth studying in detail. This substance is commonly found in many daily cleaning agents and is widely used. When it is widely used, it has multiple effects on the surrounding environment.
First talk about its impact on water ecology. If sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate flows into rivers, lakes and seas, it will cause a significant decrease in the surface tension of water bodies. This change also causes changes in the physical environment where aquatic organisms live. Plankton bear the brunt, and their normal suspension and swimming are hindered, or uneven distribution is caused, which in turn affects the energy transfer at the bottom of the food chain. And this substance may be adsorbed on the surface and gills of aquatic organisms, interfering with their gas exchange and material uptake, causing damage to some biological physiological functions, and in severe cases, death.
Times and soil ecology. If wastewater containing this substance is used for irrigation, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate will accumulate in the soil. It will change the surface properties of soil particles, affect the structure of soil aggregates, and make soil aeration and water permeability worse. Over time, soil fertility may decline, hindering the growth and development of plant roots, and the yield and quality of crops are also affected.
Furthermore, the impact on microbial communities cannot be underestimated. This substance has an inhibitory effect on some microorganisms and can interfere with the metabolic process of microorganisms. In the sewage treatment system, if the content is too high, the activity of microorganisms in the activated sludge may be inhibited, and the wastewater purification efficiency will be reduced. In the natural environment, changes in the microbial community structure will affect the material cycle and energy conversion, breaking the ecological balance.
However, it cannot be completely regarded as a harmful substance. Under appropriate concentrations and conditions, it is indeed effective in some industrial cleaning and chemical processes. However, in order to ensure the sustainability of the environment, it is necessary to carefully consider its dosage and emissions when using it, so as to reduce the negative effects on the environment and find a balance between human production and life and ecological protection.
What is the market price range of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid?
In today's world, the market price range of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is well known. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate has a wide range of uses and is indispensable in various industries such as detergents and emulsifiers.
Looking at the state of the market, its price varies due to many reasons. First, the price of raw materials is the main reason. Dodecyl benzene and fuming sulfuric acid are the raw materials for making this material. If the price of raw materials rises, the price of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate will also rise; if the price of raw materials decreases, the price may also decrease. Second, supply and demand affect its price. If the market demand exceeds the supply, the price often tends to rise; if the supply exceeds the demand, the price may fall. Third, the process and quality also have an impact. The price may be higher than that of regular products if the method of refining is excellent and the quality is high.
Generally speaking, the price of industrial-grade sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is between 5 and 15 yuan per kilogram. However, this is only an approximation, and it may vary in actual transactions, or due to the amount, buyer-seller negotiation, and geographical differences. Those with large quantities can often get a good price; in areas near the origin of raw materials, the price may be slightly lower; and in remote places, due to transportation costs, the price may be slightly higher. In addition, for daily chemical grades, due to stricter quality requirements, the price may be slightly higher than that of industrial grades, or between 10 and 25 yuan per kilogram.
Therefore, in order to know the exact market price of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, it is necessary to carefully check the market conditions and consult with the supplier before obtaining the quasi-price.