What are the application scenarios of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate?
Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is a commonly used anionic surfactant. Its application scenarios are quite extensive and common in the following fields:
One is in the field of household detergents. In washing powder, detergent and other products, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate can effectively remove all kinds of oil stains and stains with its excellent decontamination ability. For example, when ordinary people wash their clothes every day, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate contained in washing powder can quickly reduce the surface tension of water, making oil more easily wetted, dispersed and emulsified by water, so that it can be washed off with the water flow. When cleaning dishes, the ingredient in detergent can also quickly disintegrate the oil on the dishes, achieving the purpose of cleaning dishes.
Second, in the field of industrial cleaning. In metal processing, machinery manufacturing and other industries, oil stains and impurities are often attached to equipment and parts. Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate can be configured as an industrial cleaning agent to degrease and degrease metal surfaces to ensure the cleanliness of the metal surface and facilitate subsequent processing, painting and other processes. For example, in the automotive manufacturing process, parts need to be cleaned with this cleaning agent before being coated to ensure the adhesion and quality of the coating.
The third is the textile printing and dyeing industry. Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is used in the pre-treatment processes of fabric desizing, scouring, bleaching, etc., as well as the cleaning process after dyeing. It can help remove natural impurities, slurries, etc. on fabrics, and improve the wettability and dyeing uniformity of fabrics. After dyeing fabrics in a printing and dyeing factory, the use of a cleaning solution containing this ingredient can wash away the unfixed dyes on the surface of the fabric and avoid problems such as uneven dyeing and poor color fastness.
Fourth, in the field of cosmetics and personal care products. Some shampoos, body washes and other products will also add an appropriate amount of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate to take advantage of its good foaming properties and cleaning ability to bring users a refreshing cleaning experience. However, due to the relatively high irritation of this ingredient, when used in cosmetics, it is usually compounded with other mild surfactants to reduce skin irritation.
What are the physical and chemical properties of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate?
Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is one of the commonly used surfactants. Its physicochemical properties are worth exploring.
As far as its appearance is concerned, it is mostly white or light yellow powder or flake solid at room temperature, with uniform texture and easy to observe and identify. Viewed, its color is positive and shaped, which is the primary characteristic of appearance.
When it comes to solubility, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate exhibits good solubility in water. It can be quickly dispersed in water to form a uniform solution system. This characteristic is derived from its molecular structure, with hydrophilic sulfonic acid groups at one end and lipophilic alkylbenzene at the other end. This unique structure allows it to be put into water in an appropriate proportion, and the sulfonic acid groups interact with water molecules to promote its dissolution and dispersion, which is convenient for application in many fields, such as the formulation of various detergents.
Besides its surface activity, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate has excellent surface activity. It can significantly reduce the surface tension of water, making the surface of substances that are originally difficult to wet more easily wet by water. At the interface between liquid and solid, it can be adsorbed on the interface and change the physical and chemical properties of the interface. Taking washing as an example, it can reduce the interfacial tension between oil stains and the surface of the fabric, making it easier for oil stains to detach from the surface of the fabric and disperse in water to achieve the purpose of cleaning.
Regarding stability, under general conditions, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is quite stable. When exposed to extreme conditions such as strong acid, strong base or high temperature, its structure may change. In a strong acid environment, the sulfonic acid group may undergo protonation reaction, which affects its surface activity; under strong base and high temperature conditions, alkylbenzene may partially undergo hydrolysis and other reactions, resulting in changes in its performance. Therefore, when storing and using, it is necessary to pay attention to environmental conditions to ensure its stable performance.
In addition, the biodegradability of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is also of concern. Although it is slightly better than some traditional surfactants, it still takes a certain amount of time and conditions to completely degrade in the natural environment. The degradation process of microorganisms is relatively complex, involving many enzymatic reactions, and the degradation rate is affected by the types and quantities of microorganisms in the environment and environmental factors such as temperature and pH.
What are the effects of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate on the environment?
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Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is widely used in the world today, but it also has an impact on the environment.
First, in terms of aquatic ecological environment, if a large amount of this substance flows into rivers, lakes and seas, it may cause the risk of eutrophication of water bodies. Because of its surface activity, it is easy to adsorb on water particles, or interfere with the normal physiological activities of aquatic organisms. Plankton bear the brunt of the impact, and their growth, reproduction or inhibition, thereby affecting the balance of the entire aquatic ecological food chain. Aquatic animals such as fish may be invaded due to changes in water quality, resulting in breathing difficulties and growth retardation.
Second, in the soil environment, if sewage containing this substance is used for irrigation, it may accumulate in the soil. It may change the physical and chemical properties of the soil, reduce the soil porosity, and deteriorate the aeration and water permeability, which is not conducive to the growth and respiration of plant roots. Over time, soil fertility may decline, affecting the yield and quality of crops.
Third, in the atmospheric environment, although its direct volatilization effect is small, during production and use, if it is not properly treated, a small amount may enter the atmosphere in the form of aerosols. Although the content is small, the long-term accumulation should not be underestimated, or it may have a subtle impact on the chemical composition of the atmospheric environment, indirectly affecting climate change. Therefore, although sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate has its uses in many fields, it should be used with caution to minimize its negative impact on the environment, so as to achieve a harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
What are the precautions for using calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate?
Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is a commonly used surfactant. It has many points to pay attention to during use. The details are as follows:
First, pay attention to safety protection. This agent is irritating and can cause discomfort when it touches the skin and eyes. When using, it is advisable to wear suitable protective equipment, such as gloves, goggles, etc. If it accidentally touches the skin, it should be rinsed with plenty of water immediately; if it enters the eye, it needs to be rinsed quickly and seek medical attention in time.
Second, pay attention to the dosage. Although its decontamination ability is quite strong, excessive use will not only cause waste, but also have adverse effects on the environment. In daily washing and other application scenarios, it is necessary to accurately control the dosage according to specific needs and instructions to achieve the best effect and take into account environmental protection.
Third, consider the suitability of water quality. Hard water contains more calcium and magnesium ions, which will interact with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate to form insoluble precipitation and reduce its washing efficiency. Therefore, when using in hard water areas, it may be necessary to match water softeners or choose formulas that are more suitable for hard water to ensure good decontamination results.
Fourth, pay attention to environmental impact. The degradability of this substance in the environment needs to be paid attention to. Although some products have been improved and biodegradability has been improved, a large amount of discharge may still cause certain pressure on water ecology. During use, its emissions to the environment should be reduced as much as possible, adhering to the concept of green environmental protection.
Fifth, pay attention to storage conditions. It should be stored in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources. Avoid storing in a humid environment to prevent the product from getting damp and deteriorating, affecting the performance of use.
What is the production process of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate?
The preparation process of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is particularly important. The method begins with the fraction of petroleum, which is based on refined kerosene or light diesel oil.
The fraction is first dehydrogenated to obtain monoolefins. With the help of specific temperature, pressure and catalyst, the gaseous state of olefins is combined with benzene. The catalyst used is usually hydrofluoric acid or anhydrous aluminum trichloride. The two combine to produce alkylbenzene. This step requires temperature control, pressure control and material ratio to ensure that the reaction is better.
Alkylbenzene has been obtained, followed by the method of sulfonation. Usually fuming sulfuric acid or sulfur trioxide are used as sulfonating agents. Taking sulfur trioxide sulfonation as an example, in a specific reactor, sulfur trioxide gas is contacted with alkylbenzene liquid phase to perform a sulfonation reaction. This reaction is intense and generates a lot of heat, so it is necessary to control the temperature well to prevent side reactions. After sulfonation, a sulfonic acid group is introduced into the benzene ring of alkylbenzene to form alkylbenzene sulfonic acid.
Alkylbenzene sulfonic acid is neutralized with sodium hydroxide, and its pH value is precisely adjusted to a moderate amount of alkali, so that the alkylbenzene sulfonic acid is converted into sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.
After that, it is separated and refined. By evaporation, crystallization and other methods, the unreacted raw materials, by-products and impurities are removed to obtain pure sodium dodecylbenzene Or through the drying process to make powdery or granular finished products to meet the needs of the market. In this way, the process is interlocked to obtain this high-quality sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
