What are the main uses of Dodecylbenzenesulphonic Acid?
Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid has a wide range of uses. In industry, it is often a key component of detergents. This is because the acid has excellent surface activity, which can reduce the surface tension of water, make oil stains and other stains easily dispersed and emulsified in water, so it is widely used in various household and industrial detergents, such as washing powder, detergent, etc., and has a significant decontamination effect.
Furthermore, it also plays an important role in the textile printing and dyeing industry. It can be used as an auxiliary agent to better adhere to the fabric, improve the uniformity and fastness of dyeing, and make the color of the fabric more vivid and lasting.
In the field of chemical synthesis, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid is also an important raw material. Through specific chemical reactions, many compounds with special properties can be prepared, which can be used in the production of coatings, plastics and other products to improve their properties, such as improving the leveling of coatings and the processing performance of plastics.
In addition, in the petroleum industry, it can be used as an acidifier for oil wells. After injecting into the oil layer, it can react with rocks and other substances, expand the oil flow channel, improve the extraction efficiency of crude oil, and help the production of oil.
In short, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, with its unique chemical properties, has shown important functions in many industries and is indispensable to industrial production and daily life.
What are the physical properties of Dodecylbenzenesulphonic Acid?
The dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid is also an organic compound. Its physical properties are quite specific and have a number of significant characteristics.
Looking at its appearance, under room temperature and pressure, it is mostly brown viscous liquid, dark in color and thick in quality. The naked eye can see that its flow state is slightly slower, like a gel, which is due to its molecular structure and intermolecular forces.
When it comes to solubility, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid can be soluble in water, but its dissolution process is not overnight, and it needs to be properly stirred before it can be evenly dispersed. Due to the fact that one end of the molecule is a hydrophilic sulfonic acid group and the other end is a hydrophobic long-chain alkyl group, this special structure gives it surface activity, so when dissolved in water, the sulfonic acid group interacts with the water molecule, and the alkyl group tries to avoid the aqueous phase, resulting in a unique dissolution behavior.
As for the melting point, it is about 10 ° C. At this temperature, the substance gradually solidifies from the liquid state, the molecular movement rate slows down, and it is arranged in an orderly manner close to each other, so it becomes a solid state. The boiling point is quite high, reaching 315.2 ° C. At high temperature, the molecule obtains enough energy to break free from the attractive force between molecules and transform from liquid to gaseous state.
Furthermore, its density is about 1.05 - 1.07g/cm ³, which is slightly heavier than water. If it is mixed with water, it will settle in the lower layer of water without external interference.
Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid is widely used in many fields, but its physical properties have a significant impact on its application and treatment process. Knowing these properties is essential for proper use of this substance.
Dodecylbenzenesulphonic Acid to pay attention to when storing
For dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, sulfonic acid compounds are also used. When storing, many matters must be paid attention to.
First, the temperature is very important. This substance should be stored in a cool place. If the temperature is too high, it will easily cause its chemical properties to change, or cause decomposition and volatilization. If it is in a very hot environment, there is a risk of deterioration, which will damage its use efficiency.
Second, the humidity should not be ignored. High humidity environment can easily make dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid absorb moisture. Once it absorbs moisture, or changes its concentration, and or erodes its packaging material, causing the risk of leakage. Therefore, make sure that the storage place is dry and moisture-free.
Third, the packaging must be tight. Appropriate packaging materials, such as corrosion-resistant containers, should be used to prevent them from reacting in contact with external substances. If the packaging is damaged, it will not only cause material loss, but also may pollute the surrounding environment and endanger the safety of personnel.
Fourth, the storage place should be away from fire sources, heat sources and oxidants. Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid has certain chemical activity. In case of open flame, hot topic or oxidant, it may react violently, and even have the risk of combustion and explosion.
Fifth, it should be stored separately from other chemicals. Different chemicals have different properties, and mixed storage can easily cause chemical reactions, resulting in dangerous conditions.
Furthermore, the storage area needs to be well ventilated. Poor ventilation can cause volatile gas to accumulate, which not only affects air quality, but also increases safety risks.
In addition, the stored dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid should be inspected regularly. Check whether the packaging is damaged, whether the material properties are changed, etc., in order to detect and deal with potential problems in time. In this way, the safety and quality of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid during storage can be ensured.
Dodecylbenzenesulphonic impact of Acid on the environment
Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid is a common organic compound that is widely used in industrial and daily use fields. However, its impact on the environment cannot be ignored.
First, in the aquatic ecological environment, if dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid is discharged into the water body in large quantities, it can cause water pollution. Because of its surface activity, it is easy to cause foaming in the water body and hinder the dissolution of oxygen, causing the survival of aquatic organisms to be threatened due to lack of oxygen. And it may have toxic effects on aquatic organisms, interfering with their normal physiological functions, such as affecting the respiration, growth and reproduction of fish, or breaking the balance of the aquatic ecosystem in the long run.
Second, in the soil environment, if the waste containing this substance enters the soil, it will change the physical and chemical properties of the soil. It may cause changes in the dispersion of soil particles, affect soil aeration and water permeability, and then affect the growth and development of plant roots. And it degrades slowly in the soil, accumulates for a long time, or has adverse effects on the structure and function of soil microbial communities, inhibits the activities of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, and interferes with the material cycle and energy conversion of the soil.
Third, in the atmospheric environment, although dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid is not easy to volatilize into the atmosphere at room temperature, in the specific industrial production process, if it is not handled properly, its related aerosols or volatile organic compounds may enter the atmosphere. Such substances may participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions, generate secondary pollutants, affect air quality, and cause indirect harm to human health and the atmospheric environment.
What is the production process of Dodecylbenzenesulphonic Acid?
The production process of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid is formed by two steps of alkylation and sulfonation.
First alkylation. Take benzene and dodecene, anhydrous aluminum trichloride, hydrofluoric acid or solid acid as catalyst. Under a certain temperature and pressure, the double bond of the olefin reacts with the benzene ring, which is electrophilic substitution. When anhydrous aluminum trichloride is used as catalyst, the temperature is about 30-40 ° C, and the pressure is slightly higher than normal pressure. Mixing and stirring the two, the alkyl group in the olefin is connected to the benzene ring to produce dodecyl benzene. This process requires temperature control, pressure control and raw material ratio to ensure that the reaction is completely pure with the product.
After sulfonation. Take dodecyl benzene as material and react with fuming sulfuric acid or sulfur trioxide. When fuming sulfuric acid is used, it contains free sulfur trioxide, which reacts violently with dodecyl benzene. The reaction temperature should be controlled at 30-50 ° C, otherwise the product has a deep color and many side reactions. Sulfur trioxide has high activity. When using it for sulfonation, a falling film sulfonation reactor is used. The gas-liquid contact is good, the reaction is fast, the yield is high, and the side reactions are few. After the reaction, the product contains unreacted raw materials, sulfonic acid and by-products.
The last is post-processing. The excess acid is removed first, and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is often neutralized by neutralization method, and the alkali solution such as sodium hydroxide is neutralized to obtain sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. After separation and drying, the finished product can be obtained. Or by extraction, the sul At the same time, the by-products are properly handled to comply with environmental protection regulations. In this way, high-quality dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid can be obtained.