What are the chemical properties of this substance?
The chemical properties of this substance are many, try to describe it in detail.
The first to bear the brunt, stability is its key quality. Under normal temperature and pressure, this substance can often settle down, and it is not easy to react with the surrounding things. It is like a master who is not alarmed and keeps its state alone. However, in case of high temperature flames, or in the company of strong oxidants, its stability will be broken, and it will react quickly, or burn, or explode, and its power will be amazing.
Furthermore, its response to acids is unique. When encountering strong acids, it is like a warrior encountering an enemy, resolutely resist and respond to them. In response, it may generate gas, or produce new compounds, depending on its chemical composition. If it encounters hydrochloric acid or produces hydrogen, if it encounters sulfuric acid, the product may be different, and it should be wonderful, but there is a slight difference in composition.
The response between alkali and alkali is also considerable. It can be combined with a variety of alkalis, and when it reacts, it may sink to the bottom, or dissolve into a new liquid. This should often be related to the nature of its ions, which attract and combine with each other, and reconstruct the state of matter.
Solubility is also a sign of its chemical properties. In water, it may be soluble or insoluble. If it dissolves, it is like a fairy hidden in the sea of clouds, evenly dispersed and forming a uniform liquid; if it is insoluble, it is like a rock standing in water, not moving. In organic solvents, there is a similar situation, or they are in perfect harmony, or they are distinct, all due to the compatibility between the nature of the substance and the characteristics of the solvent.
Redox property is also its characteristic. When it is reducing, it is willing to lose electrons when encountering a strong oxidant to form a new state, such as a candle in the dark night, dedicating itself to meet the needs of oxidation; when it is oxidizing, when it is reducing agent, it readily gains electrons and changes the state of synthesis, like a king paying tribute, increasing its power.
The chemical properties of this substance may change due to changes in temperature and pressure, or with different concentrations and catalysts. Just like all things in the world, they should follow the trend and change endlessly. To explore them in detail, we need to observe all the conditions in order to obtain their true meaning.
What are the main uses?
The main Tao used in "Tiangong Kaiwu" is related to the follow and application of the principles of things and the laws of nature.
In agricultural production, such as sowing, it needs to be carried out according to the change of solar terms, which is to follow the way of natural timing. Spring planting, summer growth, autumn harvest, and winter storage can only make crops grow well if they conform to the weather. Like rice farming, different seasons have different operation requirements. Soaking seeds, transplanting seedlings, agglomerating fields, and irrigation must all conform to the laws of nature. The way behind this is to grasp many natural factors such as climate and soil. If you must follow it, you will get twice the result.
In handicraft production, there is also a way. Taking ceramic firing as an example, from soil selection, billet making, to kiln firing, every link has strict regulations. Soil selection requires knowing what kind of soil is suitable for firing what kind of ceramics. This is the way to know the soil. Blank making pays attention to techniques and skills to ensure that the body is uniform and regular. This is the way of craftsmanship. When firing, the control of the temperature and kiln temperature is even more critical. Different ceramics require different temperatures and durations. Only by mastering this can exquisite porcelain be fired.
In metal smelting, the selection of ores and the application of smelting methods also follow specific rules. For example, iron smelting, knowing the characteristics of ores, mastering techniques such as blast and heat can produce high-quality iron materials. The Tao is the cognition and application of material characteristics and transformation laws.
The Tao shown in "Tiangong Kaiwu" is a rule of thumb summed up by the ancients in long-term production practice, and a deep understanding of nature and production. It runs through all walks of life, guiding people to make rational use of natural resources, and realizing the transformation from raw materials to finished products through ingenious skills, so as to achieve the harmonious unity of man and nature, technology and production. This Tao is the core guide of ancient production activities, promoting the development of social economy and the progress of civilization.
How is it prepared?
The method of making its tools is exquisite. According to the "Tiangong Kaiwu", there are different ways to make all kinds of equipment.
Where a bell is cast, the method is to use mud as a mold, and the mold is divided into upper and lower. The shape of the bell is first molded in the mold, and the texture is meticulously depicted, so that the pattern cast on the bell body is exquisite and realistic. The materials used are mostly bronze, and the copper and tin are prepared in an appropriate proportion to make the sound of the bell clear and melodious. When casting, a large furnace is used to hold copper and tin, and the blast is used to support the combustion. The copper and tin are turned into molten iron, poured into the mold, and then cooled into the mold. After the mold is removed, and then polished and trimmed, the bell is completed.
The method of making a bow is also exquisite. Choose a good material for the bow stem, such as zhe wood, mulberry wood, etc., its quality is tough and elastic. Grill the wood to make it straight and flexible, and then supplement it with horns, tendons, etc. Horns stick to the back of the bow, tendons wrap around the belly of the bow to increase the elasticity of the bow. Then tightly wound with silk thread and coated with paint to prevent moisture and decay. The bow made in this way has strong tensile force and long range.
The method of making a saw is to use iron as the material. First, the iron is calcined to red heat, and repeatedly hammered to remove impurities and make it uniform in texture. Then according to the size of the saw, it is cut and shaped. On the saw blade, the teeth are finely opened. The size and density of the teeth are fixed, depending on the material being sawed. After it is made, it is quenched to make the saw blade hard and durable. When sawing wood, it can be smooth and labor-saving.
All kinds of equipment, the method of making tools contains the wisdom and skills of the ancients. In terms of material selection, production steps, process treatment, etc., it has been practiced and explored for a long time to obtain exquisite methods to meet the various needs of the world.
What are the precautions during use?
In the process of use, the first choice of equipment. It is necessary to choose the appropriate equipment according to the size, complexity and simplicity of the matter. If the equipment does not match the matter, it is still difficult to drive a horse and seek a thousand miles.
Furthermore, the method of operation is the most important. It is necessary to specify its rules and abide by them. Like the work of swordsmithing, I do not know the heat or the method of forging, even if I have good materials, it is difficult to become a sharp blade. When using equipment, the mind should be focused and not slack off. Distraction is easy to make mistakes, or damage the equipment, or make mistakes.
Also, the care of the equipment should not be ignored. Use it when it is clean, hide it, and raise it according to its nature. If the axe is used, it will not be worn or hidden after use, and it will rust and rot for a long time, and it will be unfavorable to use it again. And it should be checked regularly to see if it is damaged or not, and it should be repaired in advance to ensure that it will last longer.
In addition, the order of using the utensils should also be clear. What happens first, what happens next, is well organized. If you make a house, you should first build the foundation, then stand on the columns and beams, and then cover the tiles and paint the walls, and the order will fail.
When using utensils, you still need to take into account the weeks. If you use ploughs for farming, you must not damage the adjacent fields; if you use artisan-made utensils, you must not disturb the peace of the surrounding neighbors. And do not damage the natural environment because of the convenience of using ut
What are the physical properties?
The material nature of things is obvious to the outside world. There are many kinds of things, such as color, shape, earth, hardness, density, melting, and boiling.
The color of the object is the color and light of the eyes. Whether red or blue, or bright or dark, can be used to show the appearance of the object. Such as the color of sand, shining in the eyes; the color of jade, soft and soft.
Those who are shaped, the shape of the object. Or square or square, or complete or strange. Take the stone as an example, those who have a shape like an egg, and those who have a clear angle like a king. And in nature, the shape of the object is thousands of times, each showing its own shape.
If it is hard on the ground, it can be felt. Either it is as soft as a stone, or it is as hard as a stone. The silk is smooth, and it is as smooth as running water. The gold stone is hard, and it is hard when knocked.
Hardness says that the object can resist the engraving and penetration of foreign objects. The gold stone is very hard, and it can be as hard as a stone. The phase of gypsum is easy, and the nail can leave marks.
The density of the object is the ratio of the amount of the object. The same thing is heavy, and the density of the object is small. If the ratio of wood to wood is the same, the same is the same, and the wood is heavy and the wood is heavy, according to its density.
When melting or boiling, the specific degree of the material is determined by the solid and the liquid. The melting of ice is zero degrees Celsius, which means that ice melts water; the boiling of water is often 100 degrees Celsius, until it turns into steam.
The general physicality is inherent in all things. In this way, it can be used to understand the nature of things, and make good use of them. Whether it is for work, or for daily use, or for scientific research, it is of great benefit. To know the physicality is the key to using things.
