What are the common uses of p-toluenesulfonic acid?
The common uses of Ejiao to show acid probably have the following ends.
One of them is to use it as medicine. It has been recorded in the "Shennong Materia Medica" for a long time that Ejiao is listed as the top grade, which is called "taking it for a long time to lighten the body and nourish qi". Doctors mostly use Ejiao to treat various blood disorders, such as vomiting blood, hemorrhage, blood in the stool, etc., all because Ejiao has the ability to replenish blood and stop bleeding. Blood belongs to yin, and if there is yin deficiency, the blood will move abnormally. Ejiao nourishes yin and nourishes blood, so that the blood can be returned. This is the way to use it in blood disorders. And the disease of women's collapse and leakage is mostly due to the lack of stability in rushing, and the loss of qi and blood. Ejiao can fix and adjust qi and blood to stop collapse and leakage
Second, health diet. Folks often use Ejiao to make plaster recipes and take them in winter to achieve nourishing effects. Often matched with red dates, walnuts, black sesame seeds, etc. Red dates nourish the spleen and blood, walnuts nourish the kidney and solidify essence, black sesame seeds nourish the liver and kidney, nourish the essence and blood, and together with Ejiao, nourish qi and blood, and nourish the viscera. Ordinary people, this plaster nourishes the body in winter, resists cold evils, fills the qi and blood, and is full of energy.
Third, beauty and beauty. Women are blood-based, and if they are full of qi and blood, their complexion will be ruddy and their skin will be delicate. Ejiao nourishes blood and nourishes yin, which can nourish the skin with blood. In ancient times, there were ladies who used Ejiao for beauty. Regular use can make the face look good and delay aging. Or a mask can be made with whitening medicinal materials such as Angelica dahurica and Bletilla dahurica, which can be used externally to moisturize the skin, and also has a certain effect.
All these are common uses of Ejiao acid, or used in medicine for disease treatment, or diet and health, or beauty and beauty, which are beneficial to the health and appearance of people in the world.
What are the physical properties of p-toluenesulfonic acid?
p-Methylsuccinic acid, also known as succinic acid, has the following physical properties:
Methylsuccinic acid is a colorless crystal at room temperature, in the shape of a monoclinic prism or leaf shape, with a weak odor and a very sour taste. Its melting point is between 185 and 187 ° C. At this temperature, it will change from a solid state to a liquid state. The boiling point is as high as 235 ° C (decomposition). When this temperature is reached, a decomposition reaction will occur. The density is 1.572g/cm ³, which makes it have a relatively specific mass at the same volume.
In terms of solubility, 1g of methylsuccinic acid can be soluble in 13ml cold water and 1ml boiling water, indicating that its solubility in hot water is much higher than that in cold water. This property is related to the thermal movement of water molecules and the interaction between methylsuccinic acid molecules and water molecules. It is also soluble in 18.5ml ethanol, 6.3ml methanol, and also has certain solubility in acetone. It can be soluble in 6ml acetone, but it is difficult to dissolve in non-polar organic solvents such as benzene, carbon tetrachloride, ether and petroleum ether. This is because the methylsuccinic acid molecule has a certain polarity, and according to the principle of similar miscibility, it is more soluble in polar or weakly polar solvents.
In addition, methylsuccinic acid has sublimation, and under specific conditions, it can directly change from a solid state to a gaseous state without passing through a liquid state. These physical properties make it useful in different fields for separation, purification, and other operations.
What are the precautions when using p-toluenesulfonic acid?
When using methionine, pay attention to many matters. Methionine is mild in nature, although it is good for the human body, it still needs to be used with caution.
First, the control of the amount is very important. If it is too little, it will be difficult to achieve the expected effect; if it is too much, it may cause an imbalance of yin and yang in the body, involving the viscera. Just like a farmer irrigation the field, if there is less water, the seedlings will wither, and if there is more water, the field will be flooded. Just right, you can do your best. Therefore, the dosage should be accurately determined according to the person's physique and illness, and it should not be increased or decreased.
Second, the method of compatibility should not be underestimated. When methionine is used in combination with other drugs, it may complement each other or hinder each other. If it is mixed with some medicines of heat and heat, it may help fire and generate heat; when combined with cold and cool medicines, it is also considered to damage the yang and damage the qi. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully review the taste and meridian of the medicine, and weigh the advantages and disadvantages to make the compatibility appropriate, in order to increase the effect and reduce the harm.
Third, you need to observe the reaction of the human body when using it. After taking the medicine, pay attention to your own changes, such as whether you are uncomfortable with cold and heat, stuffy chest and abdomen, abnormal stools, etc. If there is an adverse reaction, you should stop taking it immediately and seek medical treatment without delay.
Fourth, different people have different constitutions, and their tolerance to methionine is also different. The old and weak people are deficient in qi and blood, and the functions of the viscera are gradually declining, so the dosage should be light; the young and middle-aged people are full of qi and blood, so they can increase it slightly as appropriate. And women should be especially cautious during menstruation and pregnancy. A little carelessness may endanger the fetal essence and menstrual blood.
Using methionine is like carving beautiful jade with good craftsmanship, and it is meticulous. Pay attention to the amount, compatibility methods, human body reactions and individual differences, so that the medicine can be used to its fullest extent and protect their health.
What are the storage conditions for p-toluenesulfonic acid?
Menaquinoic acid is a kind of substance with unique chemical structure and biological activity. Its storage conditions are quite critical, which is related to the stability and utility of this substance. From the perspective of "Tiangong Kaiwu", although menaquinoic acid was not accurately recorded at that time, according to the wisdom of the ancients on the preservation of various substances, relevant suitable conditions can be deduced.
Drying of the first environment. Menaquinoic acid is easily affected by moisture, and humid gas can easily cause it to chemically react and then deteriorate. Ancient treasures often choose dry places, such as soil kilns used in the north, to avoid water and moisture. Menaquinoic acid should also be placed in a dry place to keep its composition stable.
The second is the appropriate temperature. Overheating can easily accelerate the decomposition of menaquinoic acid, and overcooling may affect its physical properties. In ancient times, there were cellars in the ground in winter and in the shade in summer. The storage temperature of menaquinoic acid should be moderate, about room temperature and protected from direct sunlight. Direct sunlight can easily cause the temperature to rise, and ultraviolet rays may trigger photochemical reactions of menaquinoic acid, which will damage its quality.
Furthermore, the choice of container should not be underestimated. Materials that do not react with menaquinoic acid should be selected. Ancient treasures, such as pottery pots and bamboo tubes, are all stable due to their properties. For menadioquinic acid, glass or special plastic containers can be a good choice if the material is inert and does not interact with menadioquinic acid. At the same time, the container should be well sealed to prevent the intrusion of air, moisture, etc.
In addition, the storage place should be protected from odors or volatile chemicals. Menadioquinic acid or adsorbs odors, and if there are volatile substances around, or gas phase reaction with it. Such as ancient Tibetan incense, it is often stored separately to prevent odor and deterioration. Menadioquinic acid also needs a separate space to ensure that its storage environment is pure. In this way, the quality of menadioquinic acid can be maintained so that it can play its due role in subsequent applications.
What is the mechanism of action of p-toluenesulfonic acid in different reactions?
Acetaminophen has different mechanisms of action in various reactions.
In the antipyretic reaction, the body's temperature regulation center is located in the hypothalamus. During normal times, the body's heat production and heat dissipation maintain a balance. In case of evil heat invasion, endogenous heat-producing substances, such as prostaglandins (PGE), increase, acting on the hypothalamus temperature regulation center, causing the setting point to move up and the body temperature to rise. Acetaminophen can inhibit the activity of prostaglandin synthetase (COX), especially the inhibition of COX-2, reduce the synthesis and release of PGE, reduce the setting point of the thermoregulatory center to a normal level, dilate blood vessels on the surface of the body, increase sweating and heat dissipation, and lower body temperature. This is the mechanism of its antipyretic.
In the analgesic response, when tissue damage or inflammation is stimulated, local pain-causing substances such as histamine, bradykinin, and PGE are generated and released. In addition to its own pain-causing effects, PGE can also increase the sensitivity of pain receptors to other pain-causing substances. Acetaminophen inhibits COX activity, reduces PGE synthesis, and reduces the sensitivity of pain receptors, resulting in peripheral analgesia. And it can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, act on the central nervous system, inhibit the synthesis of central PGE, and also help analgesia, which is the mechanism of its analgesia.
In terms of anti-inflammatory effect, acetaminophen has a weaker anti-inflammatory effect than other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Although it can inhibit COX activity, its selectivity for COX-1 and COX-2 is not high, and in vitro experiments, higher concentrations are required to inhibit PGE synthesis. At the same time, its regulatory effect on many cytokines and inflammatory mediators in the inflammatory response is limited, so the anti-inflammatory effect is far less than that of aspirin and other drugs, which is the characteristic and mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect.