Sodium Salt Of 1-Nitroso-2-Hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-Disulfonic Acid

"Tiangong Kaiwu" is a famous work of ancient science and technology in our country. However, I don't know what "cadmium salt of 1 + - + amino-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid" you mentioned is. At my time, there was no such chemical title. But I can briefly analyze what I know about chemistry.
In ancient times, chemistry was mostly related to practical techniques such as alchemy, metallurgy, pottery, and winemaking. Although alchemy aims to seek elixir of immortality, it accidentally promotes the accumulation of chemical knowledge and understands the properties and changes of many substances. Metallurgy can extract metals from ores, such as copper, iron, and gold. This process involves complex chemical reactions and is the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancients.
Pottery is made of clay, which is formed and fired at high temperature. Clay chemically changes in fire, hardening its texture and changing its color. Winemaking is a microbial fermentation process in which the sugars of grains or fruits are converted into alcohol by yeast.
What Ranjun said about this thing seems to be the product of fine research in modern chemistry. Presumably with the changes of the times, chemical research has become more and more profound, and the understanding and naming of substances has become more accurate and complex. Although I cannot know exactly what this chemical name refers to, I still feel the vigorous development of chemistry in later generations. I hope that future generations can make good use of the wisdom of chemistry to benefit the people of the world, and not to cause disasters.

"Tiangong Kaiwu" says: "All feruloids go out of the south. Take their fat and boil the ointment into feruloids. Its stench is extremely stinky and stops odor, and it is also a strange thing." The ointment bait of feruloids, aloe vera, and dinaphthol are all commonly used by doctors, and each has a wonderful ability.
The feruloids have a warm nature and a refreshing taste. There are three main uses. The first is to eliminate accumulation and stagnation. When the food accumulation is stagnant, the spleen and stomach can be transported and lost, and feruloids can help the spleen and stomach to be transported and transformed, digesting food and accumulating and ventilating stagnant qi. The second is to dissipate diseases and dissipate ruffians, which has the ability to dissipate cruelty and ruffian This is because ferulic has the power to promote blood circulation and qi circulation, which can make qi and blood smooth and dissipate the evil that accumulates. The three are insecticidal, which can drive away intestinal insects and keep the organs peaceful.
Aloe vera, cold in nature and bitter in taste. It should be used under. First, laxative, dry and hot in the intestines, and the secret knot of stool, aloe vera can clear away heat and moisten the intestines, so that dry shit can go down, and the internal qi is unobstructed. Second, clear the liver and laxative fire. For the irritability and irritability of the liver meridian, dizziness, aloe vera can clear and laxative the liver heat, so that the liver fire can drop, and all diseases will disappear. Third, insecticidal treatment of chancre, for children with malnourishment accompanied by insect accumulation, aloe vera can not only kill insects, but also improve the disease of malnourishment, so that children's spleen and stomach are healthy, and qi and blood are gradually filled.
The cream bait of naphthol is also wonderfully useful in medical medicine. It is mainly used for sterilization and disinfection, which can remove the poison of skin sores, inhibit the growth of all kinds of bacteria, and prevent the deterioration of sores. And for some ringworm diseases, the bait of naphthol cream can dry and relieve itching, relieve itching, and promote the healing of ringworm diseases. It can also be used for local pain relief, and in minor injuries and pains, it can be applied to relieve pain and calm the skin.
Although these three have different physical properties, they all demonstrate their abilities in the way of treating diseases and saving people, and are good materials for doctors to help the world.

The physical and chemical properties of calcium sulfite, magnesium sulfate and aluminium disulfite in "Tiangong Kaiwu" are not described in detail, but according to the chemical knowledge of later generations and the cognition of similar substances of the ancients, the following inferences can be made.
Calcium sulfite, although there is no precise correspondence in ancient cognition, its properties may be similar to one of the stones. Calcium sulfite is a white crystalline powder, slightly soluble in water. In ancient times, although it did not have this name, it was similar to a stone. The ancients may have observed its insolubility in water, and in the air, calcium sulfite can be slowly oxidized to calcium sulfate. If the ancients observed the stone for a long time, they could find a gradual change in its properties.
Magnesium sulfate, although the ancients did not directly mention it, the compounds of magnesium were present in ancient times or in some minerals. Magnesium sulfate is easily soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is neutral. In ancient times, if there were similar soluble salts involved, the ancients used it in some simple processes, such as similar salts in boiling salt, dyeing and weaving, or as an auxiliary agent. Although its exact composition is not known, its dissolution properties or related practices are used.
Aluminium ore of disulfate, if understood in modern chemistry, contains mostly crystalline water. Such as the common alum, it is aluminum potassium sulfate crystal hydrate. Aluminium ore of disulfate may have unique crystal structures and properties. Aluminium ore has many colors, and under heating and other conditions, the crystal water will be lost, and the color and shape will change. The ancients came into contact with aluminium ore in alchemy, metallurgy and other activities, and knew its heating and other changes, or used it for refining medicinal pills, extracting metals, etc. Looking at its physical and chemical properties such as heat discoloration and morphological change, although it has not been accurately expressed in modern chemistry, its properties have been used in practice.

"Tiangong Kaiwu" is a scientific and technological masterpiece written by Song Yingxing in the Ming Dynasty. If the saponification preparation method of ferulic acid, oryzine and dicarboxylic acid is discussed, it should be as follows:
Ferulic acid, the preparation method can be extracted from plant raw materials. Common ferulic acid-containing plants, such as rice bran, wheat bran, etc. First soak and extract the raw materials with an appropriate solvent, such as ethanol, acetone, etc., to dissolve the ferulic acid. Then separate the impurities, such as filtration, centrifugation, etc., to obtain a solution containing ferulic acid. Then concentrate and crystallize to precipitate the ferulic acid from the solution, and purify it to obtain a purer ferulic acid.
The preparation of oryzine is often made from rice bran oil soap foot. The soap foot is first treated with alkali refining to convert the oil components into soap. Then the alkali refining is extracted with appropriate organic solvents, such as n-hexane, petroleum ether, etc. The oryzine can be soluble in such solvents. The extract is washed with water, dried, etc., to remove impurities. After that, the finished oryzine can be obtained by vacuum distillation, crystallization, etc.
The saponification of dicarboxylic acids is usually prepared from the corresponding carboxylic acid esters. The carboxylic acid ester and the alkali solution, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution, are mixed in an appropriate proportion in the reactor. Under certain temperature and stirring conditions, the saponification reaction is carried out. During the reaction, the ester bond of the carboxylic acid ester breaks, interacting with the base to form carboxylic salts, that is, soaps, and alcohols are released at the same time. After the reaction is completed, the carboxylic salts are converted into dicarboxylic acids through acidification treatment. After separation and purification steps, such as filtration, recrystallization, etc., pure dicarboxylic acid products can be obtained.
In this way, the saponification of ferulic acid, oryzine, and dicarboxylic acid has its own method, all of which are based on the characteristics of raw materials and the principle of reaction, and the desired products are obtained through multiple steps.

"Tiangong Kaiwu" has a saying: "Where the alum kiln of sulfurous acid is related to the user, there are many taboos and must not be ignored."
The alum kiln of sulfurous acid, one is related to the alum base, the other is related to the magnesium base, and the third and sixth are related to the alum kiln of dioxy acid. When using, the first thing to pay attention to is the ventilation. The chemical reaction in the kiln is complicated, and it is easy to produce all kinds of harmful gases. If the ventilation is not smooth, one may endanger the health of the kiln workers, and the other may cause gas accumulation, and there is a risk of explosion in case of open fire. Therefore, a good ventilation system must be set up to make the air smooth and the harmful gas can be dissipated in time.
Furthermore, it is related to the control of temperature. This alum kiln reaction requires strict temperature requirements. If the temperature is too low, the reaction will be slow and the product will be impure; if the temperature is too high, it may cause an overreaction and cause the product to deteriorate. Therefore, the kiln personnel should always pay attention to the heat, and adjust it accurately according to the reaction process and material characteristics, so as to ensure that the temperature is constant in the appropriate range.
Also pay attention to the quality and distribution of raw materials. The purity and particle size of raw materials such as alum-based and magnesium-based manganese have a great impact on the reaction effect. If the raw materials are impure or contain impurities, the reaction or side reactions will damage the quality of the product. The proportion of matching is also critical. If the ratio is not appropriate, it will be difficult to achieve the expected reaction effect.
And the operator should have skilled skills and a cautious attitude. There are many steps in the use of alum kilns. If there is a slight mistake, it will cause disaster. From feeding, temperature control to taking things out, it must be done in accordance with the regulations, and there must be no slack. In this way, the alum kiln of Fang Bao sulfite is used smoothly and the product is excellent.